Internal combustion engine



IR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE A. C. WIESM Oct. 1s, 193s.

Filed Aug. 22, 1956 AM @fer6 Patented Oct. 18, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT cerros 8 Claims.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, and more particularly to the construction of a manifold and associated parts to be used upon such engines.

The principal object of this invention is; to provide an improved manifold for internal combustion engines, which manifold is arranged to utilize the heat from the exhaust gases for preheating the fuel-air mixture drawn into the manifold and assisting in the vaporization thereof, to such degree and extent that comparatively heavy hydrocarbon fuels, such as common furnace oil, can be successfully and efficiently used to operate such engines. Another object of the invention is to provide a manifold and associated fuel supply parts for internal combustion engines in which provision is made for preheating the fuel in the carburetor to prepare the same for complete volatilization thereof in the manifold'before delivery to the cylinders.

Another object is to provide a manifold and associated fuel supply parts, which manifold and parts are simple in construction and are comparatively inexpensive to make.

The invention consists in the manifold, and in the parts, combinations, and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing which forms part of this specification, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts wherever they occur;

Fig. l is a partially diagrammatic View showing my improved manifoldand associated parts applied to a fourcylinder internal combustion engine of the marine type, the manifold. being shown in horizontal section, and the carburetor and parts connecting it to the manifold being shown out of their normal positions for the sake of clarity:

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 isa horizontal section taken along the line 3-3 in Fig. 1.

In the accompanying drawing is shown a fourcylinder internal combustion engine l of the marine type, which engine is equipped with a manifold and associated fuel supply parts including a carburetor 3 embodying my invention. The manifold isdisposed within and enclosed by a tubularv cylindrical water jacket 1ly which isclosed at the ends thereof. This water jacket extends alongside the engineblock and 'may be mounted upon and secured thereto in any suitable manner. In the drawing, the water jacket isprovided with brackets,..i; at the ends thereof,`

which brackets -havevr bolts SfextendingtherethruAv and into the-block for securing thewater jacketl thereto.

The manifold comprises a cylindricalI tube-H 1 arranged concentrically within the waterjacket :5 and called the manifold exhaustheader. The; front end of this exhaust header is closed; the rear. endv portion extends thru theendof-A the water jacket where it converges' intoan-exhaust portion 8 which leads into the exhaust pipeof; l()` the engine.A Extending radiallyv fromthe side:A of thefexhaust header are spaced, tubular ducts.

9 whichextend'thruthe side of the water: jacket facing the engine block and communicate with" the respective exhaust ports H1=of1thev engine. it* In the four-cylinder engine application i1lus. trated, threeexhaust duets SfarereQuired; one being located adjacent toeach endof the manifold, and the third substantially midway betweenthe ends thereof. Obviously, in-the case of" six- 20- cylinder engines, four exhaust ducts would berequiredV to connect withthe respective exhaust parts of suchengines; likewise, withv other engines the number of exhaust' ducts4 required' would dependupon the number of cylinders or- 2d the type of engine with which this' systemis-` utilized.

Mounted concentrically withinthemanifold' exhaust header 1- is a cylindrical. tube llcalled the manifold intake header. Thisheaderis 3D1v closed at the ends thereof; it has a central cylindrical core tube l2 mounted concentrically within, which core tube is open at theendsfthereof forpermitting exhaust gases topass therethru as indicated by arrows; Extending radially" fromthe side ofthe manifold intake header Il are spaced, tubular intake ducts I3 which-- extend thru theside of the exhaust head-er; the side of the water jacket facing the engine block andv communicatewith the respective intake parts 4b? i4 of the engine. With thefourcylinder-engineillustrated,` two intake ducts are provided, onebeing located on each side of 'therniddle exhaustduct approximately midway betweensuch ex'- v haust duct' and the'exhaust duct adjacent to the 1&5? end ofthe manifold. Obviously, with other engines, the number of-intake ducts required wouldl depend upon` the numberl ofcylindersfas inthecase'- of; six-cylinder engines which would require threeintake ducts.

Provided inY the manifold intake header. is' acomparatively short radially disposed tubular duct orpass l5. This pass at Vitszinnerf endopen-sa into-the central core tube; extending thrurthe line. take lhea der: and, at. its-.outer endiextends toward: 565i;

the middle exhaust duct of the manifold and has an outwardly flared mouthpiece I6 facing such exhaust duct for receiving a part of the gases coming therefrom as indicated by arrows.

The carburetor 3 and parts connecting it to the manifold are shown in the drawing as extending outwardly from the side of the manifold for the sake of. clarity; in actual engine applications, these parts are, preferably, located and mounted underneath the manifold. The carburetor 3 includes the usual bowl I1 having a lead or riser pipe I8 which extends thru the manifold water jacket 4, thru the wall of the exhaust header l and opens into the intake header substantially midway between the ends thereof. Inside the intake manifold on each side of the riser opening is provided a series of radially disposed ns or baflles I9 which extend longitudinally from the respective sides of the riser opening to the intake ducts. The lead or riser pipe I8 is equipped with a suitable controlling valve 20 and with an air intake 2| provided with a controlling valve 22 therefor.

Mounted around and completely enclosing the carburetor bowl is a bowl-shaped water jacket 23. This Water jacket 23 has an inlet pipe 24 communicating with the manifold water jacket 4 near the front end thereof and an outlet pipe 25 leading into the exhaust portion 8 of the exhaust header located outside the manifold water jacket. For starting the engine, the manifold is provided with a primer 26, of any suitable type,

.which primer communicates with fuel inlets 27 opening into the intake ducts i3 of the manifold.

In the manifold hereinabove described, the hot exhaust gases coming from the engine are confined to pass through the core opening of the intake header as well as completely around the outside thereof as indicated by arrows, whereby the fuel-air mixture drawn into the intake header is exposed to comparatively extensive heat radiating surfaces for preheating and vaporizing such mixture completely before delivery to the cylinders. With this improved manifold, an internal combustion engine can be operated successfully and efficiently with comparatively inexpensive, heavy hydrocarbon fuels, such as common furnace oil; and the manifold is comparatively simple in construction and expensive to make.

Obviously, the construction of the manifold and associated parts admits of considerable variations without departing from the scope of the invention; accordingly, the invention is not to be limited to the precise construction, and arrangements of parts shown and described.

I claim:

1. A manifold for an internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust header having means for receiving exhaust gases from said engine, and an intake header mounted within said exhaust header and having a passageway therethru for permitting a portion of the exhaust gases to pass therethru and baflles extending from the passageway to the walls of the intake header.

2. A manifold for an internal combustion engine comprising a tubular exhaust header closed at one end and forming an exhaust opening at the other end, spaced exhaust ducts extending from said exhaust header and communicating with said engine, a tubular intake header which is closed at its ends mounted in said exhaust header, intake ducts extending from said intake header thru the wall of said exhaust header and communicating with said engine, a tubular member running thru said intake header and open at its ends for permitting a portion of the exhaust gases to pass therethru and a passage extending from the tubular member through the wall of the intake header.

3. A manifold for an internal combustion engine comprising a tubular exhaust header, spaced exhaust ducts extending therefrom and communicating with said engine, a tubular intake header which is closed at its ends in said exhaust header, said intake header having spaced intake ducts which extend thru the wall of said exhaust header and communicate with said engine, a tubular core member extending thru the center of said intake header and opening at its ends into the exhaust header, and a radially disposed duct provided in said intake header intermediate the ends thereof, the inner end of the duct opening into said tubular core member and the outer end opening into said exhaust header adjacent to the opening therein of one of the exhaust ducts.

4. In combination, a manifold for an internal combustion engine comprising a tubular exhaust header having ducts communicating with said engine for receiving exhaust gas therefrom, and a tubular intake header mounted within said exhaust header and having intake ducts extending thru the wall of said -exhaust header and communicating with said engine, said intake header having a tubular opening therethru constituting a passageway for a portion of the exhaust gas partitions extending from the outer wall of the tubular opening to the wall of the tubular intake header, and a carburetor having a lead pipe extending thru the wall of said exhaust header and communicating with said intake header.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a tubular water jacket, a manifold mounted within said Water jacket comprising a tubular exhaust header having an exhaust portion extending out of said water jacket and having ducts communicating with said engine, a. tubular intake header mounted within said exhaust header and having intake ducts communicating with said engine, a tubular core member running thru said intake header and forming a passageway for a portion of the exhaust gases, a carburetor associated with said manifold, said carburetor including a bowl having a lead pipe communicating with the r inside of said intake header, and a water jacket mounted around said carburetor bowl and having an inlet pipe communicating with the manifold water jacket and an outlet pipe leading into the exhaust portion of the exhaust header outside of said manifold water jacket.

6. A manifold for an internal combustion engine comprising a tubular exhaust header having means for receiving gases therefrom, a tubular intake header mounted in said exhaust header and having a pair of spaced intake ducts extending therefrom and communicating with said engine, a central core tube running thru said intake header, a fuel mixer supply opening into said intake header between said intake ducts, and baflles on each side of said supply opening extending radially between the core tube and the wall of the intake header and longitudinally between the sides of the supply opening and the intake ducts.

7. A manifold for an internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust header having means for receiving exhaust gases from said engine, and an intake header which is closed at its ends mounted Within said exhaust header, said in-4 take header having a central core running through it to form a passageway for a portion of the exhaust gases through the said intake header, a fuel mixer supply opening into said intake header and baes Within the said intake header extending radially between the core tube and the wall of the intake header, and said baffles forming longitudinal ducts for the passage of the fuel mixture.

8. A manifold for an .internal combustion en gine comprising a tubular exhaust header having ducts communicating with said engine for receiving exhaust gases therefrom, and a tubular intake header mounted Within said exhaust header and having intake ducts extending through the Wall of said exhaust header and communieating with said engine, said intake header having a tubular member extending through the intake header, said intake header having within it longitudinal passageways for the fuel mixture divided from each other by side walls and means for forcing a positive circulation of exl0 haust gas through the tubular member.

ALBERT C. WIESMEIER. 

